New Zealand State Nursing Practice Exam 2025 – The All-in-One Guide to Achieve Exam Success!

Constipation is a crucial condition to monitor in patients receiving opioid therapy. Opioids have a well-documented side effect profile that includes slowing down gastrointestinal motility due to their action on the mu-opioid receptors in the gut. This decrease in motility leads to increased absorption of fluids from the stool, resulting in harder and drier stools that are more difficult to pass. Therefore, patients on opioids often experience constipation as a significant complication.

It is important for healthcare providers to assess bowel function and implement preventive measures, such as recommending increased fluid and dietary fiber intake, and possibly prophylactic laxatives to mitigate this side effect. Monitoring for constipation is essential to improve patients' quality of life and prevent further complications, such as fecal impaction or bowel obstruction, which can necessitate more invasive medical interventions.

In contrast, while urinary retention and the other conditions listed may occur, they are not as widely recognized or universally significant as constipation when considering the side effects of opioids. The link between opioids and constipation is particularly strong, which is why additional monitoring strategies are often emphasized in clinical settings.